Ericsson and Nokia have cut approximately 20,000 jobs over two years as Huawei has expanded its presence in the 5G market, despite U.S. sanctions. Ericsson reduced its workforce by 12% to 93,000, while Nokia's staff decreased from 84,795 to 75,600, focusing on cost-saving measures. In contrast, Huawei has added 33,000 R&D roles, increasing its total workforce to 208,000, and maintaining product quality amid sanctions.